Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a type of renal replacement therapy used to treat kidney failure by removing waste products and excess fluid from the body. Unlike hemodialysis, which involves filtering blood outside the body using a machine, peritoneal dialysis utilizes the peritoneum, a membrane lining the abdominal cavity, as a natural filter.

During peritoneal dialysis, a sterile dialysis solution containing electrolytes and glucose is infused into the abdominal cavity through a soft, flexible catheter. The peritoneum allows waste products and excess fluid from the bloodstream to pass into the dialysis solution. After a dwell time, the used dialysis solution is drained from the abdomen, carrying waste products out of the body.

Peritoneal dialysis can be performed at home or in a clinical setting, offering flexibility and independence for patients managing kidney failure. This continuous dialysis method can be performed throughout the day or overnight, providing effective renal support while allowing patients to maintain their daily activities and lifestyle.